26th of January celebrated as the Republic Day of India.
26th January 1950, on this day the constitution of India came into effect and India became a truly sovereign(self governing) state, and complete republican country.
India obtained its independence on August 15, 1947, but the Constitution of India came into effect only on January 26, 1950. During the transition period from 1947 to 1950, King George VI was the head of state, and C. Rajagopalachari served as the Governor-General of India during this period.
On January 26, 1950, Rajendra Prasad was elected as the first president of India.
The beginning of the occasion starts with commemorating all the soldiers who sacrificed their lives for the country. The Prime Minister of India lays a wreath(flowers fastened in ring) at the Amar Jawan Jyoti at India Gate, a 21 gun salute is presented.
Republic Day is celebrated with the hoisting of the national flag, and parades by the armed forces and school children all over the country.
The largest parade, The Republic Day Parade is an annual military and cultural parade held in the Indian Capital of New Delhi on 26 January. Parade starts from Rajghat along the Vijayapath with different regiments of the army, navy and air force marching in all their fineries. 
Militery parade is followed by cultural parade, in which each state present tableaux(group of silent people presenting scene on stage) that represents its unique festivals, folk dances, historical locations, etc. the parade also includes motor-cycle riding.
Award presentation: president presents the medals of bravery to the people from the armed forces and also the civilians for their courageous work.
sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_Day_Parade
http://festivals.tajonline.com/republic-day.php
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